Pulsars, first discovered in 1967, are known to be rapidly rotating neutron stars, formed in supernova explosions. They emit regular bursts or pulses of radio waves, X-rays and optical light. 

"For the first time, we have an oxygen-rich supernova remnant close enough for detailed study, with almost incontrovertible evidence for the existence of an associated pulsar," said Hughes. 

"Based on the pattern of elements now revealed by Chandra throughout this remnant, we will be able to ascertain the mass and composition of the star that gave rise to what we now see. 

This will allow us to make a much closer connection between pulsars and the massive stars from which they formed."

Located in the Southern Hemisphere in the constellation Centaurus, the supernova remnant (labeled G292.0+1.8) studied by Hughes and his group shows a rapidly expanding shell of gas 36 light-years across surrounding the apparent pulsar. 

It is one of three known oxygen-rich supernovae in our galaxy and is among the 10 brightest supernova remnants known.

The research team also included Patrick Slane (Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory), David Burrows, Gordon Garmire and John Nousek (Pennsylvania State University), and Charles Olbert and Jonathan Keohane (North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics). 

The Chandra X-ray Observatory is NASA's newest space telescope and is the world's most powerful X-ray telescope. Chandra has eight times greater resolution and can detect sources more than 20 times fainter than any previous X-ray telescope. 

Chandra was launched by the Space Shuttle Columbia on July 23, 1999 with an orbit 200 times higher than the Hubble Space Telescope. It detects images from X-ray sources that are billions of light-years away.